About

I am an applied scientist at Amazon working on foundational AI models. I received my Ph.D. in Computer Engineering from Northwestern University, where I was advised by Prof. Qi Zhu. I obtained my B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Zhejiang University in 2019.

My long-term research goal is to build trustworthy AI agents, with an emphasis on:

  • Pre- and post-training optimization of LLMs to enhance interactive and trustworthy decision-making
  • Robust and explainable machine learning for safety-critical systems

Education

  • Northwestern University – Ph.D. Computer Engineering, 2019–2024
  • Zhejiang University – B.S. Electrical Engineering, 2015–2019

Research overview

My work sits at the intersection of machine learning, autonomy, and safety, focusing on building reliable decision-making systems in interactive environments. Recently, I have been working on knowledge distillation and reinforcement learning to develop state-of-the-art LLMs and agents for real-world applications at scale.

News

Selected publications

Can We Trust Embodied Agents? Exploring Backdoor Attacks against Embodied LLM-based Decision-Making Systems.

Ruochen Jiao*, Shaoyuan Xie*, Justin Yue, Takami Sato, Lixu Wang, Yixuan Wang, Qi Alfred Chen, Qi Zhu

ICLR 2025 · paper

Demonstrates that LLM-based embodied agents can be vulnerable to backdoor attacks and provides evaluation and defenses toward safer LLM-driven decision-making.

SFT Doesn't Always Hurt General Capabilities: Revisiting Domain-Specific Fine-Tuning in LLMs.

Jiacheng Lin, Zhongruo Wang, Kun Qian, Tian Wang, Arvind Srinivasan, Hansi Zeng, Ruochen Jiao, Xie Zhou, Jiri Gesi, Dakuo Wang, Yufan Guo, Kai Zhong, Weiqi Zhang, Sujay Sanghavi, Changyou Chen, Hyokun Yun, Lihong Li

ICLR 2026 · paper

We revisit the trade-off between general and domain-specific capabilities in supervised fine-tuning and introduce a new loss design that more effectively balances the two.

Kinematics-aware Trajectory Generation and Prediction with Latent Stochastic Differential Modeling.

Ruochen Jiao*, Yixuan Wang*, Xiangguo Liu, Simon Zhan, Chao Huang, Qi Zhu

IROS 2024 · paper

Introduces a kinematics-aware latent SDE model that generates physically consistent and diverse future trajectories for autonomous driving.

Semi-supervised Semantics-guided Adversarial Training for Robust Trajectory Prediction.

Ruochen Jiao, Xiangguo Liu, Takami Sato, Alfred Chen, Qi Zhu

ICCV 2023 · paper

Uses semantics-guided adversarial training to improve trajectory prediction robustness under noisy and adversarial agent behaviors.

Enforcing Hard Constraints with Soft Barriers: Safety-driven Reinforcement Learning in Unknown Stochastic Environments.

Yixuan Wang, Sinong Simon Zhan, Ruochen Jiao, Zhilu Wang, Wanxin Jin, Zhuoran Yang, Zhaoran Wang, Chao Huang, Qi Zhu

ICML 2023 · paper

Bridges safe control and RL by enforcing hard safety constraints through soft barrier functions under stochastic dynamics.

Experience

  • Applied Scientist, Amazon, Seattle, WA
    Store Foundational AI · 2024–present
  • Applied Scientist Intern, Amazon, Seattle, WA
    Jun. 2023 – Sep. 2023
  • Research Scientist Intern, Toyota InfoTech Labs, Mountain View, CA
    Jun. 2021 – Sep. 2021
  • Big Data Engineer, Intel, Shanghai, China
    Mar. 2019 – Jun. 2019

Service

Conference reviewer

NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML, ECCV, ICCV, CVPR, IROS, ICRA, AAAI, AISTATS, IV

Journal reviewer

TMLR, RA-L, TMM, TNNLS, TCAD, TCPS, TIV, IEEE JSAC